It usually starts small — a dull ache when you reach overhead or a sharp twinge when you lift something simple. But before long, shoulder pain can slow you down.
Torn labrums are a common cause of shoulder pain, especially in people who throw, lift or repeat the same overhead motions over and over. They can happen after a sudden injury like a dislocation, but more often, they develop slowly over time due to wear and tear.
Labral tears are common and can result from an acute injury (i.e., shoulder dislocation), wear and tear over time or repetitive overhead activities like throwing or lifting.
So how do you know when it’s more than a sore shoulder? Jeffrey Olson, MD, a shoulder surgeon at The Bone & Joint Institute at Hartford Hospital, shares the key symptoms to watch for — and what actually helps you get back to the activities you love.
1. Deep, aching pain
A torn labrum often causes a deep ache in the shoulder that’s hard to pinpoint.
It may show up during activity, linger afterward or feel like it’s always in the background — even on days you try to take it easy.
“Many patients describe labral pain as a nagging ache that just won’t go away,” says Dr. Olson.
> Related: What Different Types of Shoulder Pain Could Mean
2. Catching, locking or clicking
You might feel or hear something catch, lock or click when you move your shoulder
Those sensations usually mean the joint isn’t moving as smoothly as it should.
“If your shoulder feels like it’s catching or making odd noises, it could be a sign of a labral tear,” Dr. Olson explains.
3. Weakness or instability
A torn labrum can make your joint feel weak or unstable, even during simple tasks.
“You might notice your joint feels loose, almost like it might give way or pop out of place. Others may just notice weakness,” says Dr. Olson.
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4. Limited range of motion
You may find it harder to move your shoulder like you normally do.
“If you’re having a tough time lifting your arm overhead or can’t get that full range of motion, it could be a labral tear,” Dr. Olson says.
Over time, that pain and stiffness might make you avoid certain movements altogether
5. Discomfort with certain movements
Sudden, sharp pain with specific motions is another common sign.
Reaching, lifting, twisting or throwing can all trigger symptoms.
“Labral tears often cause sharp pain with specific movements, especially during sports or daily activities,” says Dr. Olson.
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6. Pain at night or when you’re resting
Some people notice their pain gets worse at night or when they’re trying to get comfy.
“If your joint pain keeps you up at night or bothers you even when you’re resting, get it looked at,” Dr. Olson advises.
Persistent pain is your body’s well of telling you something isn’t right.
> Related: 5 Reasons Your Shoulder Hurts at Night
How doctors diagnose a labral tear
To find out, your doctor may recommend imaging like an MRI with or without contrast, to see the extent of the tear.
If it’s confirmed, you’ll get a personalized care plan.
This might include rest, physical therapy and anti-inflammatory medications. Your doctor may also recommend injections or even minimally invasive surgery for more severe tears or those unresponsive to treatment.
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When to see your doctor
If you have ongoing joint pain, weakness or a sense that your shoulder isn’t working right, see a specialist.
“A torn shoulder labrum can be frustrating, but with the right diagnosis, treatment and rehab, most people get back to their favorite activities quickly,” says Dr. Olson. “If you’re noticing these signs, don’t wait – getting help early can make all the difference in your recovery.”
